| Nuclear fission | Nuclear fusion |
| Nuclear fission is a process in which a heavy nucleus splits into two or more lighter nuclei. | Nuclear fusion is a process in which two or more light nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus. |
| Nuclear fission releases energy due to the release of neutrons and the binding energy of the lighter nuclei. | Nuclear fusion releases energy due to the formation of a heavier nucleus and the release of energy in the form of gamma rays. |
| Nuclear fission is a process that occurs naturally in certain elements. | Nuclear fusion is a process that normally requires extremely high temperatures and pressures to occur. |
| Byproducts are radioactive. | Byproducts are not radioactive. |
| Nuclear fission is used in nuclear power plants and nuclear weapons. | Nuclear fusion is used in stars and hydrogen bombs.
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